...Supply chain risks are set to remain the most significant short-term issue for BMW and its peers. In the first half of 2022, BMW's auto production slumped by 9.7% year-on-year as the company grappled with a variety of supply chain disruptions plaguing the wider industry, notably an undersupply of semiconductors, fresh pandemic-related lockdowns in China, and temporary component shortages linked to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. This sent BMW's last 12 months (LTM) production volume as of second-quarter 2022 back to about 91% of 2019 levels from about 100% as of the second quarter of 2021 (see chart 1). We foresee a gradual easing of supply bottlenecks in 2023, mainly thanks to some capacity expansion by chipmakers, and slowing chip demand from other sectors combined with modifications to auto OEMs' chip sourcing that should improve the amount of chips allocated to the auto industry. That said, we think lead times for automotive semiconductors are still about 3x-4x higher than the long-term...