Sections
Title | Starting Page | Number of Pages |
---|
1 Table of Contents | 2 | 2 |
1.1 List of Tables | 3 | 1 |
1.2 List of Figures | 3 | 1 |
2 Executive Summary | 4 | 1 |
2.1 High Unmet Needs Remain in Parkinson s Disease Market | 4 | 1 |
2.2 Diverse and Innovative Pipeline to Shift Focus to Disease Modification | 4 | 1 |
2.3 Deals Landscape Presents Substantial Investment Opportunities | 4 | 1 |
3 The Case for Innovation | 5 | 4 |
3.1 Growing Opportunities for Biologic Products | 6 | 1 |
3.2 Diversification of Molecular Targets | 6 | 1 |
3.3 Innovative First-in-Class Product Developments Remain Attractive | 6 | 1 |
3.4 Regulatory and Reimbursement Policy Shifts Favor First-in-Class Product Innovation | 7 | 1 |
3.5 Sustained Innovation | 7 | 1 |
3.6 GBI Research Report Guidance | 8 | 1 |
4 Clinical and Commercial Landscape | 9 | 26 |
4.1 Disease Overview | 9 | 1 |
4.2 Epidemiology | 9 | 1 |
4.3 Disease Etiology | 10 | 1 |
4.3.1 Exposure to Environmental Toxins | 10 | 1 |
4.3.2 Genetic Causes of Familial Parkinson s Disease | 10 | 2 |
4.3.3 Susceptibility Genes for Parkinson s Disease | 12 | 1 |
4.4 Disease Pathophysiology | 12 | 1 |
4.4.1 Basal Ganglia Anatomy and Physiology | 12 | 3 |
4.4.1.1 Pathophysiology of Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson s Disease | 15 | 1 |
4.4.2 Process Underlying Neurodegeneration | 15 | 1 |
4.4.2.1 Mitochondrial Dysfunction | 15 | 1 |
4.4.2.2 Oxidative Stress | 16 | 1 |
4.4.2.3 Protein degradation | 17 | 1 |
4.4.2.4 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress | 17 | 1 |
4.4.2.5 Neuroinflammation | 18 | 1 |
4.5 Disease Symptoms | 19 | 1 |
4.6 Co-morbidities and Complications | 19 | 1 |
4.7 Diagnosis | 19 | 1 |
4.8 Classification of Disease Stages | 20 | 1 |
4.8.1 Hoehn and Yahr Scale | 20 | 1 |
4.8.2 Unified Parkinson s Disease Rating Scale | 20 | 2 |
4.8.3 Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms | 22 | 1 |
4.8.4 Mini Mental State Examination | 22 | 1 |
4.9 Prognosis and Disease Staging | 22 | 1 |
4.10 Treatment Options | 23 | 1 |
4.10.1 Pharmacotherapy | 23 | 1 |
4.10.1.1 Levodopa | 23 | 1 |
4.10.1.2 Dopamine Receptor Agonists | 23 | 1 |
4.10.1.3 Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors | 24 | 1 |
4.10.1.4 Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase Inhibitors | 24 | 1 |
4.10.1.5 Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors or Anti-cholinergics | 24 | 1 |
4.10.1.6 Serotoninergic Drugs | 24 | 1 |
4.10.1.7 Glutamate Receptor Antagonists | 24 | 1 |
4.10.1.8 Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist | 25 | 1 |
4.10.2 Non-pharmacological Treatment | 25 | 1 |
4.11 Overview of Marketed Products | 25 | 1 |
4.11.1 Molecule Type and Target Analysis | 26 | 1 |
4.11.2 Treatment Algorithm | 27 | 2 |
4.11.2.1 Early Parkinson s Disease | 29 | 1 |
4.11.2.1.1 Levodopa/Dopa Decarboxylase Inhibitor | 29 | 1 |
4.11.2.1.2 Dopamine Agonists | 29 | 1 |
4.11.2.1.3 MAO-B inhibitors | 29 | 1 |
4.11.2.2 Advanced Parkinson s Disease | 30 | 1 |
4.11.2.2.1 Addition of COMT Inhibitors or MAO-B Inhibitors | 30 | 1 |
4.11.2.2.2 Addition of Dopamine Agonists | 31 | 1 |
4.11.2.2.3 Switch from Standard Levodopa to Alternative Levodopa Formulations | 31 | 1 |
4.11.2.2.4 Addition of Amantadine | 31 | 1 |
4.11.2.2.5 Addition of Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist | 32 | 1 |
4.11.2.2.6 Non-motor Treatments | 32 | 1 |
4.12 Current Unmet Needs | 33 | 2 |
5 Assessment of Pipeline Product Innovation | 35 | 10 |
5.1 Parkinson s Disease Pipeline by Molecule Type, Phase and Therapeutic Target | 35 | 5 |
5.2 Comparative Distribution of Programs between Parkinson s Disease Market and Pipeline by Therapeutic Target Family | 40 | 1 |
5.3 First-in-Class Pipeline Programs Targeting Novel Molecular Targets | 40 | 5 |
6 Signaling Pathways, Genetics and Innovation Alignment | 45 | 4 |
6.1 The Complexity of Signaling Networks in the Central Nervous System | 45 | 1 |
6.2 Signaling Pathways and First-in-Class Molecular Target Integration | 46 | 1 |
6.3 First-in-Class Target Matrix Assessment | 46 | 3 |
7 First-in-Class Target Evaluation | 49 | 23 |
| 49 | 3 |
7.2 Pipeline Programs Targeting DJ-1 | 52 | 2 |
7.3 Pipeline Programs Targeting Parkin | 54 | 2 |
7.4 Pipeline Programs Targeting High Affinity Nerve Growth Factor Receptor | 56 | 2 |
7.5 Pipeline Programs Targeting C-jun N-Terminal Kinase | 58 | 2 |
7.6 Pipeline Programs Targeting Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 | 60 | 2 |
7.7 Pipeline Programs Targeting Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor Type 1 | 62 | 2 |
7.8 Pipeline Programs Targeting Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 | 64 | 3 |
7.9 Pipeline Programs Targeting NAD-dependent Protein Deacetylase Sirtuin-2 | 67 | 1 |
7.10 Overview of Pipeline Programs Targeting Progranulin | 68 | 3 |
7.11 Conclusion | 71 | 1 |
8 Deals and Strategic Consolidations | 72 | 10 |
8.1 Industry-Wide First-in-Class Deals | 72 | 1 |
8.2 Licensing Deals | 73 | 4 |
8.3 Co-development Deals | 77 | 3 |
8.4 First-in-Class Programs not Involved in Licensing or Co-development Deals | 80 | 2 |
9 Appendix | 82 | 14 |
9.1 Abbreviations | 82 | 2 |
9.2 Bibliography | 84 | 9 |
9.3 Research Methodology | 93 | 1 |
9.4 Secondary Research | 94 | 2 |
9.4.1 Marketed Product Heatmaps and Treatment Algorithm | 94 | 1 |
9.4.1.1 Market Analysis | 94 | 1 |
9.4.2 Pipeline Analysis | 94 | 1 |
9.4.2.1 Overall Pipeline | 94 | 1 |
9.4.2.2 First-in-Class Analysis | 94 | 1 |
9.4.3 First-in-Class Matrix Assessment | 94 | 1 |
9.4.4 First-in-Class Target Profiles | 95 | 1 |
9.4.5 Licensing and Co-development Deals | 95 | 1 |
9.5 Contact Us | 95 | 1 |
9.6 Disclaimer | 95 | 1 |