We expect Brazil-based auto parts manufacturer Tupy S.A. to generate solid and increasing cash flows from continued revenue growth and some profitability improvements. Therefore, Tupy should reduce leverage even more, with debt to EBITDA approaching 1.5x in the next few years from 2.1x in 2018. As a result, on May 21, 2019, S&P Global Ratings raised its long-term global and national scale issuer credit ratings to 'BB' from 'BB-' and to 'brAAA' from 'brAA+', respectively. We also raised our debt rating to 'BB' from 'BB-'. The outlook is now stable, reflecting our expectation that Tupy will post EBITDA margin of 14%-15% and debt to EBITDA at 1.5x-2.0x in the next few years as it maintains solid operating cash flows. Tupy's