Epiroc?s credit metrics materially weakened in 2024 because of the SEK8.1 billion increase in S&P Global Ratings-adjusted debt, driven by substantial acquisition spending, and the larger-than-anticipated decline of its S&P Global Ratings-adjusted EBITDA margin to 22.9% (25.4% in 2023). As a result, its S&P Global Ratings-adjusted funds from operations (FFO) to debt reached 59% in 2024 (115% in 2023), eroding its financial flexibility at the current rating level. That said, we anticipate its adjusted FFO to debt will return to above 60% in 2025 and beyond, supported by moderately improving profitability and lower acquisition spending (about SEK2.8 billion in 2025 and SEK3.5 billion in 2026). We therefore affirmed our 'BBB+' ratings on Epiroc AB and its senior unsecured notes. The