...National Securities Clearing Corp. (NSCC) has a very strong competitive position as the sole clearinghouse for cash equities, exchange-traded funds, and municipal and corporate bonds in the U.S. NSCC is an effective monopoly in clearing cash equities, exchange-traded funds, and municipal and corporate bonds in the U.S. This supports our view of its excellent business risk. NSCC has material clearing risks. Considerable losses for the clearinghouse could arise if resources within the waterfall (margins or assessment powers) are insufficient to absorb losses stemming from the liquidation of a defaulting clearing member's portfolio. However, we think that NSCC benefits from strong risk management controls and robust financial safeguards. NSCC is also exposed to liquidity risk should one or several clearing members default. Potential liquidity uses in a stress scenario in which one or several clearing members default jointly are typically highest at a time close to the expiration of single-name...