In connection with its assignment of global recovery and issue ratings, Standard&Poor's Ratings Services has assessed Kazakhstan's insolvency regime as a Group C jurisdiction, based on its relative degree of "creditor-friendliness" as defined in Standard&Poor's report titled "Jurisdiction-Specific Adjustments To Recovery And Issue Ratings," published July 5, 2007, and available on RatingsDirect at www.ratingsdirect.com. On a global basis, Kazakhstan is not a friendly jurisdiction for creditors. Although the insolvency regime appears to offer certain formal protections to creditors—such as a relatively modern bankruptcy law and a centralized system for the registration of security—the regime is, in fact, highly unpredictable for creditors. Debt recoveries for creditors are extremely uncertain due to laws that are vague and applied