Sections |
| Title | Starting Page | Number of Pages |
|---|
| I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS | 1 | 1 |
| STUDY RELIABILITY AND REPORTING LIMITATIONS | 1 | 1 |
| DISCLAIMERS | 2 | 1 |
| DATA INTERPRETATION & REPORTING LEVEL | 2 | 1 |
| Quantitative Techniques & Analytics | 3 | 1 |
| PRODUCT DEFINITIONS AND SCOPE OF STUDY | 3 | 1 |
| Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells | 3 | 1 |
| Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells | 3 | 1 |
| Alkaline Fuel Cells | 4 | 1 |
| Solid Oxide Fuel Cells | 4 | 1 |
| Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells | 4 | 1 |
| FUEL CELLS-EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | 5 | 1 |
| MARKET DYNAMICS | 5 | 1 |
| Trends and Issues | 5 | 1 |
| Fuel Cells Promise Immense Long-Term Potential | 5 | 1 |
| Application Area % Share-2008 | 6 | 1 |
| Total 100.0 | 6 | 1 |
| Cost and Fuel Storage/Distribution Remain the Most Vital Issues | 6 | 1 |
| Auto Industry Views Fuel Cell Systems in Positive Light | 6 | 1 |
| MFCs-Promising Future, Challenges Abound | 7 | 1 |
| Micro Fuel Cells Set to Increase the Power Supply for Portable Electronic Items | 7 | 1 |
| Increasing Power Needs of Portables Stimulate Micro Fuel Cell Research | 8 | 1 |
| Stationary Fuel Cell Industry Scenario | 8 | 2 |
| Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Preferred Choice for Portable Devices | 10 | 1 |
| Mobile Fuel Cells Receive Support from Electronics Industry | 11 | 1 |
| Technological Progress: | 11 | 1 |
| Newly Found Complementarity: | 11 | 1 |
| Growing Power Requirement: | 11 | 1 |
| Backing from Big Companies: | 11 | 1 |
| Stationary and Distributed Energy Applications Garner Attention | 11 | 1 |
| Year New Fuel Cell Systems 6 | 12 | 1 |
| Attracting Attention of the Natural Gas Industry | 12 | 1 |
| Competitive Landscape | 12 | 1 |
| Developed World Dominates Industry | 12 | 1 |
| A Diverse Assortment of Market Players | 13 | 1 |
| Major Fuel Cell Systems Integrators | 13 | 1 |
| PhosphoricAcid FuelCellsAlkalineFuelCells MoltenCarbonate FuelCellsSolidOxideFuelCells PEMFuelCells | 13 | 1 |
| Consolidation Trend in the Industry | 13 | 1 |
| M&A Activity in the Industry: 2000-2005 | 14 | 1 |
| Year Acquiring Company Target Company | 14 | 1 |
| Market Snapshots | 14 | 1 |
| Issues Facing the Industry | 15 | 1 |
| Capital Costs | 15 | 1 |
| Reliability | 16 | 1 |
| Material Costs | 16 | 1 |
| Manufacturing Issues | 16 | 1 |
| Engineering Issues | 16 | 1 |
| Modeling | 16 | 1 |
| Reliability and Durability | 16 | 1 |
| Materials | 16 | 1 |
| Fuel Processor | 17 | 1 |
| New Pumps | 17 | 1 |
| Fuel Storage | 17 | 1 |
| Electronics and Sensors | 17 | 1 |
| Other Issues | 17 | 1 |
| Materials Scenario | 17 | 1 |
| Important Materials Used in Fuel Cells and Batteries | 17 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Activity Worldwide | 18 | 1 |
| Overview | 18 | 1 |
| Select Fuel Cell Policies and Programs in Developed Nations | 18 | 1 |
| United States | 18 | 1 |
| Europe | 18 | 1 |
| Japan | 18 | 1 |
| Research and Development | 19 | 1 |
| Potential Sequence for Fuel Cell Development: 2005-2040 | 19 | 1 |
| Year Development | 19 | 1 |
| Company Headquarters Area of Interest R&D Spend | 19 | 1 |
| Total 202062 | 19 | 1 |
| PRODUCT OVERVIEW | 20 | 1 |
| Definition | 20 | 1 |
| Basic Principle | 20 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Part Percentage Share (%) 22.7 20.8 | 20 | 1 |
| Total 100.0 | 20 | 1 |
| Support Systems | 21 | 1 |
| Technology | 21 | 1 |
| Function | 21 | 1 |
| Carnot Efficiency and Fuel Cells | 22 | 1 |
| An Insight into Key Components | 22 | 1 |
| Reformers | 22 | 1 |
| Hydrocarbon Sources | 22 | 1 |
| Steam Reforming | 23 | 1 |
| Partial Oxidation | 23 | 1 |
| Gasified | 23 | 1 |
| Stacks | 23 | 1 |
| Stack Contents | 23 | 1 |
| Difference between Fuel Cells and Batteries | 24 | 1 |
| History | 24 | 1 |
| Timeline | 25 | 1 |
| Year Important Event | 25 | 1 |
| Classification of Fuel Cells | 25 | 1 |
| An Insight | 25 | 1 |
| Electrolyte Based Technologies | 25 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Technologies | 26 | 1 |
| Type Operating Temperature Applications | 26 | 1 |
| Technical Features | 26 | 1 |
| Type Electrolyte Anode Gas Cathode Gas | 26 | 1 |
| Merits and Demerits | 27 | 2 |
| Fuel Cell Type Merits Demerits | 27 | 1 |
| Basic Application | 27 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Systems | 27 | 1 |
| Low Temperature Cells- Function at Less Than 200(o)C | 27 | 1 |
| High Temperature Cells- Function in the Range of 600(o)C and 1,000(o)C | 27 | 1 |
| Major Types of Fuel Cells | 28 | 1 |
| Overview | 28 | 1 |
| Principle of Operation | 28 | 1 |
| Operational Efficiencies | 28 | 1 |
| Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFCs) | 28 | 1 |
| Application Areas | 29 | 1 |
| Operational Principles | 29 | 1 |
| Merits | 29 | 2 |
| Demerits | 29 | 1 |
| Solid Polymer or Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEM) | 30 | 1 |
| Overview | 30 | 2 |
| Operational Principle | 30 | 3 |
| Applications Areas | 30 | 1 |
| Improved PEM Functionality due to Innovation of New Membranes | 30 | 1 |
| Demerits | 31 | 1 |
| Benefits | 31 | 1 |
| Drawback | 31 | 1 |
| Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) | 31 | 1 |
| SOFCs vs MCFCs | 32 | 1 |
| Tubular and Planar Types | 32 | 1 |
| Merits | 33 | 1 |
| Demerits | 33 | 1 |
| Components & Properties | 33 | 1 |
| Yttria Stabilised Zirconia | 33 | 1 |
| Nickel | 33 | 1 |
| Strontium Doped Lanthanum Magnetite | 33 | 1 |
| Lanthanum Chromite | 33 | 1 |
| Gas Reforming in SOFC | 34 | 1 |
| Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells | 34 | 1 |
| Research Focus | 34 | 1 |
| Other Types of Fuel Cells | 34 | 1 |
| Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC) | 34 | 1 |
| Regenerative Fuel Cells (RFC) | 35 | 1 |
| Zinc-Air Fuel Cells (ZAFC) | 35 | 1 |
| Working Principle | 35 | 1 |
| Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell (PCFC) | 35 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Materials | 36 | 1 |
| Pumps | 36 | 1 |
| Ceramics | 36 | 1 |
| Motors | 36 | 1 |
| Bulk Molding Compounds | 36 | 1 |
| Plastics | 36 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Energy Sources | 37 | 1 |
| An Insight | 37 | 1 |
| Fuel Source | 37 | 1 |
| Criteria | 37 | 1 |
| Hydrogen (Gaseous) Hydrogen (Liquid) Natural Gas Diesel Gasoline Methanol | 37 | 1 |
| Natural Gas | 38 | 1 |
| Hydrogen | 38 | 1 |
| Overview | 38 | 1 |
| Region/Country Market Share | 38 | 1 |
| Total 100.0 | 38 | 1 |
| Hydrogen Type Market Share | 38 | 1 |
| Storage Issues | 39 | 1 |
| Supply | 39 | 1 |
| Challenges Plaguing Use of Hydrogen | 39 | 1 |
| Hydrogen Infrastructure | 39 | 1 |
| Low Energy Density | 39 | 1 |
| Hydrogen Powered Fuel Cell Buses | 40 | 1 |
| Bus Fleet Size (no. of vehicles) [H2] Consumption million tons/d Supply Options | 40 | 1 |
| Methanol | 40 | 1 |
| As a Source of Fuel | 40 | 1 |
| Benefits | 40 | 1 |
| Shortcomings | 41 | 1 |
| Economic Viability | 41 | 1 |
| Legislative Measures | 41 | 1 |
| FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS | 42 | 1 |
| General End-Use Markets | 42 | 1 |
| Application Areas | 42 | 1 |
| Large-Scale Power-Intensive Applications | 42 | 1 |
| Portable Applications | 42 | 1 |
| Stationary Applications | 42 | 1 |
| Transportation Applications | 42 | 1 |
| Snapshots of Select End Uses | 43 | 1 |
| Military/Aerospace | 43 | 1 |
| Technology % Share-2004% Share-2008 | 43 | 1 |
| % Share-2004% Share-2008 | 43 | 1 |
| Power Generation | 43 | 1 |
| An Overview | 43 | 1 |
| Alternative Energy Technologies | 44 | 1 |
| Types | 44 | 1 |
| Fuel Cells Vs Gensets | 44 | 1 |
| Gensets Fuel Cells | 44 | 1 |
| Fuel Cells Vs Microturbines | 45 | 1 |
| Microturbines Fuel Cells | 45 | 1 |
| Prospects for Renewable Technology | 45 | 1 |
| Reduction in Capital Cost Energy Sector Present Cost of Energy SupplyPast 10 years Future 10 years | 45 | 1 |
| Transportation | 46 | 1 |
| Region/Country No. of Buses (*) | 46 | 1 |
| Total 25048 | 46 | 1 |
| Cell Technology No. of Buses (*) | 46 | 1 |
| Industrial | 46 | 1 |
| Residential | 47 | 1 |
| Commercial | 47 | 1 |
| Marine | 47 | 1 |
| Major Application Areas | 47 | 1 |
| Portable Fuel Cells | 47 | 1 |
| Overview | 47 | 1 |
| Technical Challenges | 48 | 1 |
| Players | 48 | 1 |
| Micro Fuel Cells vis-a-vis Batteries | 48 | 1 |
| MEMS Technology | 48 | 1 |
| Stationary Fuel Cells | 49 | 1 |
| Overview | 49 | 1 |
| Categories | 49 | 1 |
| Technology Type | 49 | 1 |
| Technology % Share-2004% Share-2005 | 50 | 1 |
| Total 100.0 100.0 | 50 | 1 |
| Fuel Cells vis-a-vis Conventional Systems | 50 | 1 |
| Market Participants | 51 | 1 |
| Fuel Cells Market Worldwide (2004): Major Stationary Fuel Cell Developers | 51 | 1 |
| Company Headquarters Area of Interest | 51 | 1 |
| Fuels | 51 | 1 |
| Benefits | 51 | 1 |
| Installations | 52 | 1 |
| Micro CHP | 52 | 1 |
| Automotive Fuel Cells | 52 | 1 |
| An Overview | 52 | 1 |
| Company Market Share | 53 | 1 |
| Total 100.0 | 53 | 1 |
| Trends | 53 | 1 |
| PEM Fuel Cells Show Great Promise in Automobile Applications | 53 | 1 |
| Advantages of Fuel Cell Vehicles over Conventional Systems | 53 | 1 |
| Fuel Cells Vehicles: Facing Commercialization and Technical Challenges | 54 | 1 |
| Collaborations in Fuel Cell Development | 54 | 1 |
| Alliance Area of Fuel Cells | 54 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Prototypes for Automobiles: 2002 | 55 | 1 |
| Year FC Producer Auto Maker Prototype Hydrogen Source Power | 55 | 1 |
| Barriers | 55 | 1 |
| HypercarSM Vehicles Concept | 56 | 1 |
| PRODUCT INTRODUCTIONS/INNOVATIONS | 57 | 1 |
| IdaTech Launches 250 Watt iGen (TM) System | 57 | 1 |
| Ford Motor Unveils Hybrid Fuel Cell Vehicle | 57 | 1 |
| New Micro-Fuel Cell System Developed by Fraunhofer Researchers | 57 | 1 |
| Total Acta Introduces New HYPERMEC 3-Series Fuel Cell Catalysts | 57 | 1 |
| AIST, FCRA and NGK Plug Studio Develop Ultra Small SOFC | 57 | 1 |
| NanoDynamics Introduces NDRevolution 50H Hybrid SOFC | 58 | 1 |
| SAIT and Samsung SDI Co-develop Mobile Fuel Cell Charger | 58 | 1 |
| Hydrogen Power Develops Portable Hydrogen Reactor | 58 | 1 |
| Volkswagen Develops New High-Temperature Fuel Cell | 58 | 1 |
| EnerFuel Introduces EFH-100 Fuel Cell Humidifiers for PEM Fuel Cell Systems | 58 | 1 |
| SFC Smart Fuel Cell Unveils EFOY Fuel Cell Products | 58 | 1 |
| Hitachi Introduces DMFC Prototype for External Recharging of Mobile Devices | 59 | 1 |
| Seiko Instruments Develops Small Size Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell | 59 | 1 |
| Voller Energy Group Launches Fuel Cell ABC (TM) Automatic Battery Charger | 59 | 1 |
| Gashub Technology Launches Smallest PEM Fuel Cell Stacks | 59 | 1 |
| Voller Energy Group Launches VE100 Rack Mount Industrial Fuel Cell System | 59 | 1 |
| ReliOn Launches Two New Hydrogen Fuel Cells | 60 | 1 |
Tables |
| Title | Starting Page | Number of Pages |
|---|
| Large Stationary Fuel Cell Systems Installed Worldwide: 2000-2004 (Units) | 12 | 1 |
| R&D Expenditure of Select North American Fuel Cell Companies: 2003 (US$ in '000s) | 19 | 1 |
| US Market for Fuel Cells in Military Applications by Technology-PEMFC, Alkaline Fuel Cells, PAFC, MCFC, and SOFC: 20 | 43 | 1 |
| Number of Fuel Cell Buses Operating Worldwide | 46 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Buses By Type of Technology- PEMFC, PAFC, and Others | 46 | 1 |
| Fuel Cell Technologies for Stationary Applications: 2004-2005 (In %) | 50 | 1 |
| Assessment of Fuel Cells In CHP: 2002-2010 | 52 | 1 |
| Assessment of Fuel Cells for Automotive Applications: 2001-2020 | 53 | 1 |
